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Error 1044 Access denied for user to database: when your file tries to create the database

The 1044 nearly always turns up when you import an .sql file. It says that the user, already accepted, has no permission on that database. It looks like this: #1044…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseDatabases

MySQL or MariaDB: which one runs here, and does it matter

Shared hosting here runs MariaDB, not Oracle’s MySQL Server. At the time of writing the version is 10.11.16. For almost every site that makes no difference: MariaDB started as a…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseAI & Agents

AI bots crawling your site: robots.txt and how to block them

AI providers use robots (crawlers) that walk through websites collecting text, either to train models or to answer questions in real time. If you do not want that, you can…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseNode.js, Python & Docker

HTTPS for a container: a certificate and a domain

For an application running in a container to show the padlock, you need a domain pointing at the VPS and a certificate. The most common route is nginx in front…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseBackups & Migration

What a backup does not include: DNS, cron jobs, certificates and outside services

A copy only holds what lives inside the account, and only what that kind of copy picks up. Many people find out the rest on the day they need to…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseDatabases

Backing up with mysqldump and pg_dump, and restoring the copy

Over SSH, you copy a MySQL or MariaDB database with mysqldump and a PostgreSQL database with pg_dump. Each produces a file you restore with mysql or with psql/pg_restore. It is…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge basePHP & Development

Which PHP version should your site use

Use the newest version your application says it supports, and never one that PHP itself no longer maintains. Here the version is chosen per folder in Select PHP Version, from…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseDatabases

Database indexes in phpMyAdmin: the types, the column order, and how to add one

An index is a sorted list of one column (or several) that the database consults instead of reading the whole table. To find a customer by e-mail, with no index…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseSecurity

The scan says clean but the site still redirects: where an infection hides

The short answer: a scan only sees what it knows how to recognise. A modern infection hides outside the files you look at first (in the database, in an .htaccess,…

MozOut - United States www.my.mozout.com › My MozOut › Knowledge Base Knowledge baseBackups & Migration

Why a backup is huge or fails, and how to make it smaller

A huge backup is almost never “the site”: it is what has piled up around the site. Cache folders, old copies forgotten in the account, error files that kept growing,…